关于材料表面微纳米颗粒对材料功能性影响的判定新方法热风炉
时间：2022/06/28 18:09:51 编辑：
关于材料表面微纳米颗粒对材料功能性影响的判定新方法
关于材料表面微纳米颗粒对材料功能性影响的判定新方法 2011： ABSTRACT《br》《br》Commonmaterialproperties（e.g.hardness,tensilemodulusａndstrength,poisson?sratio）arewellknown.Ontheotherhand,propertiesofthinlayersａndmicrovoluminacandiffersignificantfromthosedata,inparticularformicro/nano-particlesystems.AFMａndFFMmethodsworkwithexcellentlateral,topographicａndforceresolutionbutoftendonotprovidetesting-situationsclosetopracticalapplications,e.g.highpressureflatcontactwithinmicrowearａndmicrofrictioninvestigations.Optimizationoffriction/wear-propertiesofmultimicro-areacontactespeciallyofrelevanceoncurvedａndtopographicallystructuredsurfacesneedaccesstomeasurementtechnique,thatcoversthegapbetweenmicroａndnanoscale.TheresultspresentedherearedonewiththeUST（UniversalSurfaceTester）todeterminetheinfluenceofincorporationofmicro/nano-particlesａndtheirdistributiononmicroechanicalａndfunctionalpropertiesofpolymermaterialsclosetothesurface.《br》1.COMPOSITEMATERIALS《br》Duringthelastdecadetherewasanincreaseintheusageofcompositematerialsevenforconsumerproducts.Themainreasonforthisisthebroadrangeofmechanicalpropertieswhichcanbereached.Tailor-madepropertiesarepossiblefornearlyeachapplication.Inalotofcasescarbonisusedastheappropriatefiller.Carbonblackisusedforrubberwhereascarbonfibresareusedforoptimizingmechanicalpropertiesliketheyoung’smodulus,tearstrengthａndwearresistance.Eventhedynamicalpropertiesofcomposite《br》materialsarebetter.《br》2.NANO-ANDMICROCOMPOSITEMATERIALS《br》Anotherincreaseinpropertiesispossiblebyusageofmicro-ornanoparticles.Forexamplecarbonshowsawholefamilyofunusualsp?-hybridizedmodificationslikefullerenes[1]ａndcarbonnanotubes[2].Carbonnanotubesshowextremelyhighstabilityalsoathightemperatures.Alotofinterestingapplicationsarepossiblebyusingnanotubesforreinforcement[3].《br》Table1showsthepropertiesoftypicalfibresincomparisontocarbonnanotubes[4].《br》“Table1.TypicalPropertiesoffibres.”《br》Propertycarbonfibrecarbonnanotube《br》Young’sModulus（GPa）2301000《br》Tearstrength（GPa）430《br》Length/Diameterratio《100》1000《br》3.SURFACEPROPERTIES《br》Asmentionedmicro-ａndnanoparticlesareusedforreinforcementofthematerial.Inalotofcasesthebulkpropertieslikemodulusarenotsoimportant.Functionalsurfacepropertieslikewearorscratchresistanceareofmoreimportanceinsomeapplications.Besidesthetechnicaladvantagethereisanimportantreasonfortheproducertoconcentrateonsurfaceproperties.《br》Theappearanceofasurfaceletacustomerjudgethevalueoftheproduct.Thereforeitisnecessarytoimprovethesurfaceresistanceovertime.Daimler-Chryslerisusinganewdevelopednanopainttoimprovescratchresistanceoftheirautomobiles[5].Thenew40μmthicklacquerfinishincludesceramicparticleswithadiameterof20nm.Figure1showstheeffectofnanofillersonthescratchbehaviourofpolymers.《br》《br》《br》Fig.1.Scratchonanepoxywithａndwithoutnanofillers[6].《br》Theuseoflacquerorspecialcoatingsimprovethesurfacepropertieslikeelasticity,hardness,frictionwithoutusingabigamountofmaterial.environmentalresistanceａndchemomechanicalresistancearealsoimproved.《br》《br》4.MICROSTRUCTUREANALYSIS（MISTAN?）《br》AllmeasurementsaredonewithanUniversalSurfaceTester（UST?）whichisanewａndpatentedmeasuringａndtestingdeviceforcontinuouslydeterminingthedeformationbehaviourofamaterialinaregionnearitssurface.TheUSTyieldsmeasuredvaluesof:permanent,plastic,elastic,viscoelasticａndtotaldeformation,microhardness,hardnessstructure,abrasionａndscratchresistance,creepingａndrelaxation,roughness,hapticａndsoftness,cuttingａndpiercingresistance,thicknessａndstructureoflayersａndofmicrofriction.Allthisvaluesareobtainedwithahighprecisionwithonlyonesingleinstrument.Whereasexistingprocedures,e.g.hardnessmeasurements,canonlycarryoutpointbypointmeasurements,theUSTrecordscontinuouslythematerialpropertiesalongthesurface.Ifrequired,theroughnessparametersaredeterminedfromthesurfaceprofilesaccordingtotheDINorISOstandardsdependingontheusedtipgeometryａnd&